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All case studies

Gilutongan Island, Cebu, Central Visayas

An off-grid Cebu project where usable energy differed from potential

A study of a 7.92 kWp off-grid system serving 11 households estimated 6,510 kWh of potential annual energy but 4,674.5 kWh of usable supplied energy, showing the importance of storage, load matching, and operating constraints.

Representative aerial view of a small Philippine island community in Palawan
Representative Philippine island setting from Palawan. This photograph is not the documented Gilutongan, Cebu installation.

Documented project figures

System size: 7.92 kWp

System type: Off-grid

Documented annual output: 4,674.5 kWh

Specific yield: 590 kWh/kWp/year

Evidence period: 2020–2021 monitored study

Evidence strength: HighPeer-reviewed monitored study
National-range comparison: 590 kWh/kWp/year is below the national planning range. Reference range: 1,1001,500.

What the source does not prove

The published study distinguishes potential energy from usable supplied energy, but its community load and operating rules are not the same as a typical household.
Published potential6,510 kWh
Documented output4,674.5 kWh

What this should change in your planning

  • Off-grid design is an energy-service problem, not only a panel-count problem.
  • Potential solar energy can exceed energy that batteries and loads can actually use.
  • Define essential loads and operating hours before choosing storage.

How to compare this case with your own project

Start with capacity, system type, location, evidence period, and specific yield. This 7.92 kWp project documents 4,674.5 kWh of annual production, but that figure should not be copied directly into another property. Roof orientation, shade, weather, inverter limits, downtime, maintenance, and the share of electricity used during daylight can change both production and financial value. Compare the documented yield with the visible national planning range, then enter your own bill, roof, and backup requirements in the calculators.

Treat the project as evidence, not a promise of identical results.

Research sources